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| HS Code | 894016 |
| Appearance | Fine free-flowing powder |
| Color | Cream to white |
| Odor | Slight characteristic odor |
| Particle Size | 95% through 80 mesh |
| Viscosity | Greater than 800 cP at 1% KCl solution |
| Moisture Content | Less than 12% |
| Ash Content | Less than 8% |
| Pyruvic Acid Content | Greater than 1.5% |
| Ph Value | 6.0 to 8.0 |
| Bulk Density | Approximately 0.6 to 0.8 g/cm³ |
| Solubility | Soluble in cold and hot water |
| Purity | Greater than 90% dry basis |
| Heavy Metals | Less than 10 ppm |
| Lead Content | Less than 2 ppm |
| Arsenic Content | Less than 1 ppm |
As an accredited Industrial Grade Xanthan Gum factory, we enforce strict quality protocols—every batch undergoes rigorous testing to ensure consistent efficacy and safety standards.
| Packing | Industrial Grade Xanthan Gum packaged in 25 kg multi-layer paper bags with inner PE liner for moisture protection. |
| Container Loading (20′ FCL) | Industrial Grade Xanthan Gum loaded in 20′ FCL, packed in 25kg bags on pallets, secured and containerized for safe transport. |
| Shipping | Ship Industrial Grade Xanthan Gum in sealed, moisture-resistant bags or containers to prevent clumping and contamination. Keep away from foodstuffs, direct sunlight, and extreme heat. Non-hazardous for transport, but minimize dust generation during handling. Clearly label packages and ensure dry, ventilated storage to maintain product integrity throughout transit. |
| Storage | Store Industrial Grade Xanthan Gum in a cool, dry, well-ventilated area, away from direct sunlight, heat sources, and moisture. Keep containers tightly sealed when not in use to prevent caking or contamination. Avoid dusty conditions. Under proper storage, it typically remains stable for up to two years from manufacture date. |
| Shelf Life | Industrial grade xanthan gum has a shelf life of 2–3 years when stored in a cool, dry place away from moisture. |
In water-based drilling fluids formulated with low-solids polymer chemistry, industrial-grade xanthan gum functions as the primary low-shear-rate viscosifier and barite suspension agent. Field mixing data from trailer-mounted high-shear mixers and jet hopper systems show that full rheological development occurs only after the polymer passes through a rotor-stator gap of 0.5 mm to 1.0 mm at a minimum shear rate of 10,000 s⁻¹; unmixed powder dropped into a mud pit through a chemical sack typically forms fish-eye agglomerates that reduce yield point reproducibility by 15% to 30%. The applicable compliance framework includes API RP 13B-1 for field rheological measurements, ISO 10414-1:2008 for laboratory mud testing, and ISO 13500:2008 for drilling-fluid material specification. In vertical wells, addition rates are commonly 0.25–0.75 lb/bbl (0.71–2.14 kg/m³); for high-angle intervals where barite suspension requires an elevated low-end rheology, the rate may be increased to 0.75–1.5 lb/bbl (2.14–4.28 kg/m³). Downstream production processing involves pre-dissolution in a dedicated mixing tank with pH adjusted to 7.5–9.0 with soda ash, followed by 15–30 min of low-shear agitation before introduction of KCl or NaCl; the resulting non-Newtonian profile is typically evaluated with a six-speed rotational viscometer, and the 3-rpm dial reading is used as a suspension index for barite. Finished product types include low-solids non-dispersed drilling muds, KCl/polymer inhibition fluids, coiled-tubing cleanout gels, and horizontal directional drilling fluids used in crossing installations. Operational boundaries are defined by hydration temperature and thermal stability: below 5°C hydration time can exceed 45 min, while sustained exposure above 120°C causes progressive thermal thinning; overdosing above 1.5 lb/bbl in high-density muds increases equivalent circulating density to a level that may exceed fracture gradients.
Proppant transport in linear gel fracturing fluids depends on viscosity recovery after shear through downhole tubulars rather than on high-shear mixing alone. Industrial-grade xanthan gum is incorporated at 1.8–4.2 kg/m³ (15–35 lb/1,000 gal) to generate the low-shear viscosity required for 20/40 and 30/50 mesh proppant suspension; crosslinked borate systems may operate at the lower end of this range when delayed breaker packages are selected. Fluid performance acceptance is conducted under API RP 13M:2009 for viscous fracturing fluid measurement and ISO 13503-1 for proppant property evaluation. The production process uses a continuous hydration unit with polymer slurry delivery into a high-shear blender; hydration tanks are operated at 15–25°C and pH 7.0–8.0, and filtration through a 10 µm absolute cartridge is standard because industrial-grade material may contain residual cellular debris from fermentation. Terminal product types include linear gel fracturing fluids, borate-crosslinked fracture fluids, gravel-pack carrier gels, and coiled-tubing abrasion gels. A documented limitation is the incompatibility of xanthan gum with high residual persulfate breaker concentrations at pH above 10, where premature viscosity loss can exceed 40% within 2 h at 65°C.
For tremie concrete and bored pile grouts placed under water, xanthan gum modifies the yield stress of the cement paste to reduce cement washout without eliminating pumpability. Addition rates are 0.3–1.0 kg/m³ of concrete; in neat cement grouts the dosage is usually 0.02–0.15% by mass of cement. Compliance evaluation for washout resistance and segregation resistance is performed under CRD-C 661-06 and EN 12350-11:2010, while preplaced aggregate grout fluidity is assessed by ASTM C937/C937M-21. During production, xanthan gum is either dry-blended with cementitious powder or metered as a pre-hydrated 1% aqueous solution at the batch water inlet; mixing is carried out for 60–120 s in a planetary or high-shear pan mixer before the concrete is fed to a tremie pipe. Finished product types include tremie concrete, underwater repair mortars, diaphragm wall panels, bored pile concrete, and preplaced aggregate grouts. Operational limits include a slump reduction below 150 mm if dosage exceeds 1.2 kg/m³; at water/cement ratios below 0.38, the addition of a polycarboxylate dispersant is required to maintain workability without over-retarding the mix.
Where C2-classification ceramic tile adhesives must achieve slip resistance and extended open time on large-format tiles, xanthan gum functions as a water-retention and yield-stress modifier. In dry-mix cementitious tile adhesives, the material is added at 0.02–0.15 wt% of the dry blend, typically in combination with redispersible polymer powder and cellulose ether. Conformity with EN 12004-2:2017 defines the C2 classification requirements; slip resistance is measured under EN 1308:2007, and tensile adhesion is assessed under EN 1348:2007. The production process involves pre-blending the dry components in a horizontal ribbon mixer for 10–15 min; the adhesive is then mixed with water on site for 60 s, left to slake for 5 min, and remixed before trowel application. Terminal product types include C2T and C2TE thin-bed mortars, large-format tile adhesives, and low-slip wall adhesives. Dosages above 0.25 wt% tend to entrain air during machine mixing and reduce 28-day tensile adhesion strength below the C2 threshold.
Latex paints formulated at high pigment volume concentration require a rheological profile that combines high low-shear viscosity for sag control with strong shear thinning for spray or brush application. Industrial-grade xanthan gum is added at 0.1–0.5 wt% of total formulation, frequently in the pigment grind stage where a cowles disperser operates at tip speeds of 18–22 m/s; if post-added in the letdown, a pre-hydrated 1–2% aqueous stock solution is required to avoid graininess. Viscosity and sag resistance are measured under ASTM D2196-20 and ASTM D4400-18, with pH maintained at 8.0–9.5 using ammonia or 2-amino-2-methyl-1-propanol. Finished product types include interior and exterior latex paints, textured architectural coatings, elastomeric roof coatings, and high-build industrial primers. The principal operational boundary is biological degradation: without a broad-spectrum biocide, xanthan gum in water-based paint can undergo enzymatic cleavage that reduces Stormer viscosity by more than 20% within 7–14 days at warehouse temperatures above 30°C.
During warehouse ageing of agricultural suspension concentrates, compacted sediment formation is controlled by the low-shear yield stress of the continuous phase. Industrial-grade xanthan gum is incorporated at 0.05–0.25 wt% of the total formulation in 500 g/L suspension concentrate systems, with the lower dosage range used when an attapulgite or bentonite co-structured system is present. Suspensibility and dispersion stability are assessed under CIPAC MT 184 and CIPAC MT 15.1; rotational viscosity is recorded under ISO 3219:2013. The production process adds xanthan gum either to the aqueous phase before wet milling in a bead mill or as a post-milling hydration tank with low-shear agitation for 60–120 min; final formulations are filled into HDPE containers after passing a 75 µm wet screen. Terminal product types include water-based suspension concentrates, suspoemulsions, and flowable seed treatment slurries. The operational ceiling is formulation-specific: above 0.3 wt%, pour viscosity can exceed 1,000 mPa·s at 20 s⁻¹, and freeze-thaw cycles without 5–10% propylene glycol can produce irreversible gelation.
| Application segment | Primary standard | Test parameter |
|---|---|---|
| Water-based drilling fluids | API RP 13B-1, ISO 10414-1:2008 | Plastic viscosity, yield point, 3-rpm gel strength |
| Hydraulic fracturing fluids | API RP 13M:2009, ISO 13503-1 | Proppant suspension, proppant property evaluation |
| Underwater concrete | CRD-C 661-06, EN 12350-11:2010 | Washout mass loss, segregation resistance |
| Ceramic tile adhesives | EN 12004-2:2017, EN 1308:2007 | Slip resistance, tensile adhesion |
| Water-based industrial paints | ASTM D2196-20, ASTM D4400-18 | Brookfield viscosity, sag resistance |
| Agricultural suspension concentrates | CIPAC MT 184, ISO 3219:2013 | Suspensibility, rotational viscosity |
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Industrial Grade Xanthan Gum is a high-molecular-weight extracellular heteropolysaccharide produced by aerobic submerged fermentation of Xanthomonas campestris, followed by pasteurization, isopropanol precipitation, drying, and controlled milling. The product is identified by CAS 11138-66-2 and EINECS 234-394-2, with weight-average molecular mass generally reported between 2 × 10⁶ Da and 20 × 10⁶ Da. Its principal rheological function is non-Newtonian, shear-thinning viscosity build in aqueous systems, with elevated low-shear-rate viscosity and rapid structural recovery after shear. Industrial material is not processed to food-grade purity; it may contain residual cell debris, inorganic ash, and fermentation biomass, and it is not certified to 21 CFR 172.695.
Common bulk grade designations reflect particle size and clarification. The 80 mesh grade is supplied with ≥95 % passing 180 µm and is used where rapid wetting and coarse filtration are acceptable. The 200 mesh grade is supplied with ≥95 % passing 75 µm and is selected for spray-dried formulations, high-build coatings, and systems sensitive to visible particulate contamination. Clarified low-pyruvate grades are further processed to reduce cell debris and microgel potential. Producer-specific grade names and exact specifications vary widely, and published data for many specific model designations is limited.
Table 1 presents representative bulk distributor specifications. Producer-specific limits may differ.
| Parameter | XG-IND-80 | XG-IND-200 | XG-IND-CLR |
|---|---|---|---|
| Particle size | ≥95 % passing 180 µm | ≥95 % passing 75 µm | ≥95 % passing 75 µm, reduced cell debris |
| Moisture | ≤13 % | ≤13 % | ≤13 % |
| Ash | ≤13 % | ≤13 % | ≤12 % |
| pH, 1% solution | 6.0–8.0 | 6.0–8.0 | 6.0–8.0 |
| Viscosity, 1% gum in 1% KCl at 25 °C, Brookfield LV spindle 3 at 60 rpm | 1200–1600 cP | 1300–1700 cP | 1400–1800 cP |
The industrial product is supplied as a cream to off-white free-flowing powder with bulk density typically between 0.6 g/cm³ and 0.9 g/cm³. Packaging commonly includes 25 kg multi-wall paper bags or 500 kg to 1000 kg bulk bags with polyethylene liners. Moisture uptake is controlled by storage at relative humidity below 60 %. At RH above 60 %, the powder may agglomerate and require pre-drying before use in solvent-borne or moisture-sensitive systems.
In oilfield drilling, completion, and workover fluids, industrial grade xanthan gum is used as a viscosifier and suspending agent at concentrations typically ranging from 1.4 kg/m³ to 4.3 kg/m³ (0.5 lb/bbl to 1.5 lb/bbl). The polymer functions through an ordered double-helical network that produces high viscosity at low shear rates. Field testing on a Fann 35 viscometer at 3 rpm and 6 rpm is used to estimate cuttings suspension and hole-cleaning capacity. Drilling-grade xanthan gum supplied to API 13A / ISO 13500 specifications may be tested according to API RP 13B-1 / ISO 10414-1. The polymer also reduces fluid loss by viscosifying the aqueous phase and improving filter cake quality.
Hydration is retarded in high-ionic-strength brines. Direct hydration in concentrated sodium chloride or calcium chloride solutions yields lower final viscosity than prehydration in fresh water followed by brine addition. In field practice, the polymer is prehydrated in fresh water before introduction of concentrated brines because the ordered conformation forms more completely under low electrolyte load. The material exhibits high electrolyte tolerance compared with CMC and HEC, and it remains functional in divalent cation systems that precipitate or collapse cellulosic thickeners. However, direct addition of concentrated aluminium sulfate or ferric chloride can produce insoluble complexes and should be avoided.
Thermal stability in neutral pH water-based fluids is generally considered operationally acceptable up to 120 °C. Above that threshold viscosity loss accelerates, particularly in high-CaCl₂ or high-density brine systems. Published data for specific high-density brines show accelerated chain degradation at temperatures exceeding 120 °C, and pH values above 10.5 increase oxidative degradation. Field formulations therefore operate within a narrow pH window, commonly 8.0 to 10.0, where thermal stability and polymer dispersion are balanced.
Dry powder dispersion is a critical processing step. Direct addition of dry powder into a low-shear vortex creates fisheyes and partially hydrated agglomerates that reduce realized viscosity. High-shear rotor-stator mixers with tip speeds of 15 m/s to 25 m/s or venturi eductors are used to wet the powder into a clean vortex. Hydration at 25 °C in soft water at pH 6.0–8.0 typically reaches 90 % of final viscosity within 60–90 min; complete viscosity development may require up to 120 min. Lower water temperature and high water hardness extend hydration time.
In paints, adhesives, ceramic glazes, and cementitious rheology modifiers, industrial grade xanthan gum may be evaluated against sodium carboxymethylcellulose, hydroxyethylcellulose, and other cellulosic thickeners. The critical difference is electrolyte tolerance: xanthan gum retains viscosity in the presence of monovalent and divalent salts that reduce the thickening efficiency of CMC and HEC. At equal active solids, xanthan gum also generates stronger low-shear structure, giving anti-settling and anti-sag behavior in waterborne coatings. Sag resistance may be evaluated by ASTM D4400; Stormer or Krebs viscosity may be measured by ASTM D562. Loading levels in architectural paints are generally 0.05 wt% to 0.30 wt%.
Industrial grade xanthan gum differs from food and pharmaceutical grades in ash content, bioburden, and certification. It is not intended for direct food contact. If food-grade compliance is required, material approved under 21 CFR 172.695 must be selected. Compared with guar gum, xanthan gum offers lower water-insoluble residue after hydration, higher resistance to enzymatic degradation, and improved thermal stability. Unmodified guar gum requires robust preservation and may degrade more rapidly in neutral or slightly alkaline water-based industrial fluids. Compared with cellulose ethers, xanthan gum gives greater suspension power but requires careful dispersion to avoid fisheye formation.
In construction systems, industrial grade xanthan gum is used as an anti-washout admixture and as a stabilizer for cementitious grouts. The polymer increases cohesion at low dosage and reduces separation of water, fine aggregate, and cement. However, high anionic charge and sensitivity to multivalent cations at alkaline pH require compatibility testing with calcium-rich cement phases and with polycarboxylate or naphthalene-based superplasticizers. Operational boundaries include avoidance of prolonged exposure to pH above 11 and avoidance of direct contact with concentrated ferric or aluminium salts.
Batch-to-batch viscosity variation in industrial applications is often caused by poor dispersion rather than polymer degradation. Manufacturing lines with low-shear agitators and bottom-dumping powder additions frequently observe lower realized viscosity and higher screen blockage. In contrast, venturi induction systems and rotor-stator mixers with tip speeds of 15 m/s to 25 m/s produce reproducible hydration and minimize microgel. If the powder is added too quickly or without sufficient vortex, partially wetted lumps persist for hours and create downstream filtration and spray-nozzle blockages. The powder should be added at a controlled rate into the high-shear zone, with bulk pH adjusted to 6.0–8.0 before hydration.
Industrial grade xanthan gum is an anionic polysaccharide with carboxylate side chains. In water-based fluids containing high concentrations of cationic polymers, quaternary ammonium surfactants, or multivalent salts at alkaline pH, the polymer may form insoluble complexes or lose thickening efficiency. Compatibility testing with biocides, dispersants, and surfactants is therefore required before full-scale use. Preservation is necessary because industrial grade has a higher bioburden than food or pharmaceutical grades; isothiazolinone or glutaraldehyde-based biocides are commonly used in stored aqueous systems. Failure to control microbial activity can reduce viscosity rapidly through enzymatic degradation of the polymer backbone.
Mining slurries, suspension fertilizers, agrochemical flowables, and low-solids industrial cleaners use industrial grade xanthan gum for storage stability and anti-settling. The polymer provides suspension at low concentrations and shear-thinning behavior that allows pumping and spraying at high shear. These applications exploit the same low-shear viscosity mechanism used in drilling fluids. In suspension fertilizers and seed-treatment slurries, the material is added at concentrations often below 0.5 wt%, and viscosity is monitored by ASTM D2196 or ISO 2555. The presence of residual cell debris in 80 mesh material may be unacceptable in drip irrigation or fine-jet systems; 200 mesh or clarified grades are required where nozzle filtration is critical.
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